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The principles of plant architecture studies and their application to herbs
Domin, Matyáš ; Klimešová, Jitka (advisor) ; Hrouda, Adam (referee)
Plant architecture deals with the structure of the plant body and its dynamics. It mainly uses the characteristics of stem branching. In my work, I provide an overview of several concepts of plant architecture that have been applied to herbaceous plants, demonstrating how the principles of growth architecture can be utilized in plant ecology. These concepts include the bud bank, Corner's rule and reiteration. The bud bank has been defined as an alternative to the seed bank, where in perennial plants, the above-ground biomass is restored after seasonal dormancy or disruption from specialized organs carrying buds. The Corner's rule describes a correlation between the size of plant organs, and the size of the apical meristem of the stem plays a crucial role in this correlation. The size of the apical meristem determines the size of leaves, their number on the annual increment, the size of inflorescences, and consequently, the production of seeds. Reiteration examines how the branching of a plant is influenced by disturbances or suboptimal growth conditions. These three concepts are interconnected and can shed light on the ecology of herbaceous plants regarding their survival strategies in ecosystems with repeated disturbances. Not only do they describe how a plant responds to disruptions, but they...
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FROM TEXT ANALYSIS TO DISCOURSE INTERPRETATION OF DONALD J. TRUMP'S TWEETS
KRATOCHVÍLOVÁ, Nela
Since its creation in 2006, the social platform Twitter has already excelled its function of a medium, originally designated to facilitate sharing experiences, reflections, and ideas. Most operating systems enable access to the Twitter application and this communication platform is being used in both media and marketing fields, for educational purposes, as well as in politics as a means of communicating information and sharing messages considered important enough to be published on the platform. Using Twitter for communication purposes on the political scene is still a fairly new phenomenon and therefore an interesting subject for a linguistic analysis. The diploma thesis uses textual analysis and discourse analysis to describe and to interpret the linguistic strategies employed by the former American President Donald J. Trump in his Tweets. The data - two data sets - subjected to the analysis were collected from the period during the presidential campaign in 2020. The first data set covers the period at the beginning of the campaign, whereas the second data set includes Tweets posted towards the end of the campaign, close to the Election Day. The analysis combines the use of Czech National Corpus tools, namely the application KWords, and a microanalysis of the chosen data sample in order to identify dominant linguistic strategies and to interpret in which way(s) they contribute to the communication strategy of the American President on Twitter. With respect to the field of study, the thesis illustrates the importance of mastering the skills of a textual analysis and discourse interpretation, both prerequisites necessary for a translator, in the proper understanding of the communicative function of a text without which achieving a quality translation into the target language would not be possible. The thesis is written in the English language.
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Porovnání anatomické a morfologické stavby iterujících a reiterujících letorostů lípy (Tilia sp.)
Cristini, Valentino
These days, within Arboriculture are wather sprouts a very important discussed topic, so it is important to know their qualities and their main differences from normal (iterating) shoot. In the bachelor thesis are compared anatomical and morphological characteristics of normal (iterating) and epicormic (reiterating) annual shoots of selected individual of Tilia platyphyllos (largeleaf linden) in Brno, Czech Republic. By statistical correlation was found that there are demonstrable dependencies between different stem segments (pith, xylem, phloem and primary cortex) either at normal or at epicormic annual shoots.
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Strategies in aboveground space occupancy in herbs from disturbed habitats
BARTUŠKOVÁ, Alena
Disturbance is an important phenomenon affecting plant lives and shaping plant strategies in disturbed habitats. A variety of ecological concepts on individual plant response to injury has been proposed for specific natural ecosystems or growth forms. In central Europe, man-made habitats are often cases of disturbed places, so the aim of the thesis was to apply four chosen concepts on them. The thesis is composed of four original studies performed in two model ecosystems: recurrently disturbed ruderal place and regularly mown central European meadow. The occupying of the aboveground space after a disturbance event was studied here either as renovation of biomass or architecture. Regenerative strategies in herbs occupying disturbed habitats were described and confronted with concepts proposed originally for ecosystems subjected to natural disturbance regimes.
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